HAPPY NEW YEAR!
31 December 2010
scots trads...
Traditional Scottish Festivals...
Hogmanay, the celebration of bringing in the New Year, is not the only traditional festival in Scotland.
Many national and local celebrations took place in the past and some survive to this day.
Here is a selection, with links to other sites, where available, for more detailed information.
We start on 01 January, and finish on the major celebration on the Scottish calendar - Hogmanay, on 31 December.Visiting friends and relatives immediately after New Year's Eve, in the early hours of the morning of 01 January.
First footing after the bells have rung in the New Year is still common - the "first foot" in the house after midnight should be male, dark, and handsome... and should carry symbolic coal, shortbread, salt, black bun ( a spiced cake) and, of course, whisky.
In Kirkwall, Orkney, there is a New Year Ba' Game held in the streets of the town which can last most of 01 January, between the Uppies and the Doonies, or more correctly, "Up-the-Gates" and "Doon-the-Gates" from Old Norse "gata" (path or road).
Handsel Monday - first Monday of the New Year
Traditionally this was the day on which handsel (presents) were given by employers to their staff, rather than on Christmas Day.Alternatively, in some areas, this was done on 12 January.
Burning of the Clavie - 11th January
In Burghead, Morayshire, a tar barrel filled with tar-soaked wood shavings is carried around the harbor and then to the Doorie Hill where the Celtic Druids used to light their fires.
Up-Helly-aa - Last Tuesday of January
Held in Lerwick, Shetland Islands, a full sized Viking Galley, complete with shields and oars is pulled by a torch-bearing procession dressed as Viking warriors to the beach.
Guizer Jarl calls for three cheers for the builders of the longship and after a bugle call, the galley is set alight by 800 blazing torches.
The anniversary of the birth of the poet Robert Burns, in 1759 at which many a "Burns Supper" is consumed and the "Immortal Memory", a speech in praise of the Bard, will be given.
Candlemas Day - 02 February,
Candlemas began as a Roman festival to celebrate the return of spring.
It is now a Scottish legal "quarter day" when rents and other payments fall due.
There is an old traditional poem which said:
"If Candlemas Day be bright and fair
Half the winter is to come and mair (more)
If Candlemas Day be dark and foul
Half the winter was over at Yowl (Christmas)St Valentine's Day - 14th February
This used to be an excuse for youngsters to go round begging for sweets, money or fruit, while older brothers and sisters tried to find a sweetheart.
"Name-papers" were sometimes used where names were written and placed in a bonnet and and each person drew out a paper.
If the same name was drawn three times, it meant a marriage would take place!
A rumbustious celebration by the young lads of Lanark.
It is a relic of the days when making a lot of noise was believed to frighten away the evil spirits.
Pennies supplied by money from the Common Good Fund was thrown and the children scrambled to pick it up.
Balls of paper (or bonnets - a lot softer!) tied with string were used by the participants to strike one another.
Original New Year - 25th March
The Celtic New Year was celebrated on Samhain (31 October - 01 November).
Then, until 1600, the Gregorian Calendar which was used in Scotland, placed New Year on 25th March.
Fastern's E'en - Last Tuesday Before Lent
This was a carnival and feast held on the last Tuesday before the sacrifices of Lent, during which meat, butter and fat were used up.
Around Scotland the day had different names such as Bannock Night, Beef Brose, and Shriften E'en.
In some places there was a rowdy game of football or handball, for example in Jedburgh, a rowdy game of handball called the Callant's Ba' was held between the "uppies" and the "downies".
Easter - Variable Dates
There was a festival for "Eastre", a Saxon goddess of fertility, in pre-Christian times which was integrated into the Christian calendar.
The date is moveable, because the calculation is based on phases of the moon.
In Scotland, to this day, "hot cross buns" are baked, containing spices and fruit and with a white pastry cross.
On Good Friday, no ploughing was done and no seed was sown.
The custom of rolling painted, hard-boiled eggs down a hill took place on Easter Monday.
Hunt the Gowk - 1st April
On this day people would play tricks and tell lies to catch each other out.
The jokes had to stop at mid-day.
Now called April Fool's Day, hunting the gowk was originally sending someone on a foolish errand.
"Dinna laugh, an' dinna smile
But hunt the gowk another mile".Preen-tail Day or Tailie Day - 2nd April
The day following All Fool's Day when paper tails were attached to the backs of unsuspecting people as a joke.
Glen Saturday - the first or third Saturday in April
The day when the children of Kilmarnock in Ayrshire went to Crawfurdland Castle to pick daffodils.
Whitsunday - the seventh Sunday after Easter
Another Scottish legal quarter day when rents fell due.
A pagan fire festival which goes back to pre-Christian times - originating with Baal in Phoenicia.
It was supposed to encourage the crops to grow.
There has been a holiday at the start of May in many parts of Scotland for centuries.
Young girls would also rise early to wash their faces in the May dew.
The custom of lighting fires at this time has come through in place names such as Tarbolton in Ayrshire ("tor" meaning hill and "bolton" from "Beltane").
The ancient Druidic Fire Festival has been revived by "New Age" followers who gather on the historic Calton Hill in Edinburgh.
Empire Day/Victoria Day - 24th May
Flags were flown from public buildings and schools decorated classrooms with flags of the British Empire.
The name was changed to Commonwealth Day.
The nearest Monday to 24th May was a local trades holiday in many parts of Scotland to celebrate Queen Victoria's birthday and the tradition has continued long after Queen Victoria's reign.
Guid Nychburris - mid June
This is a Dumfries festival which has its origins in a court which resolved disputes between neighbours to make them "Guid Nychburris" or good neighbours.
The Queen of the South is crowned during the week-long festivities.
Lanimer Day - 17th June
Held in Lanark, Lanimer Day (a corruption of "landemark" or boundary) is when the houses are decorated with greenery and there is a Lanimer Fair.
Selkirk Common Riding - 18th June
A ceremony of Riding the Marches or boundaries is traditional in a number of locations around Scotland, and the tradition has still survived particularly in the Scottish Borders.
Selkirk's is particularly well known, remembering as it does the Battle of Flodden in June 1488, but there are similar festivities (on differing dates) in Langholm, Lauder, Peebles, Annan, Linlithgow and Sanquhar.
Glasgow Fair - last two weeks in July
Originally a real fair established by a charter from William the Lion in 1190, but latterly the last two weeks in July when factories and offices closed for summer holidays and Maw, Paw and the Weans went, "Doon the Watter" (River Clyde) to the holiday resorts there.
Lammas - 1st August
There was a Celtic feast of "Lugnasaid" and this may have been the origins of this festival.
Others believe it was a corruption of "Loafmas" when a loaf was baked with the first grain frm the harvest.
It is now a Scottish legal "Quarter Day" when rents and contracts fall due.
Marymas - 15th August
A bannock (cake) was toasted on a fire in honor of the Virgin Mary.
Braemar Gathering - First Saturday in September
The origin of this major Highland Games is said to go back to the 11th century when King Malcolm III "Canmore" gave a prize to the winner of a race to the top of Craig Choinnich.
Queen Victoria ensured the success of the games into modern times by attending them in 1848 and the Royal family has been associated with them ever since.
Michaelmas - 29th September
St Michael was the patron saint of the sea and sailors and his saint's day was celebrated in the West of Scotland in particular.
In the island if Barra, a bannock was baked from the first grain of the year and eaten on St Michael's day.
Everyone was given a piece to eat.
St Luke's Day, 18th October
Known also as "Sour Cakes Day", there were particular celebrations in the Royal Burgh of Rutherglen, with the baking of cakes eaten with sour cream.Halloween - 31 October
The evening of All Hallows (Saints) Day and the last day of the year in the old Celtic calendar.It was celebrated by the Druids as "Samhain" from "Sain" meaning summer and "fuin" meaning "ending".
It was associated with witches and celebrated with bonfires and "guising" as children dressed up and went round neighboring houses with "tattie bogles" or "neep lanterns" (candles inside turnips).
The pumpkin serves the same purpose in the USA. There is a (long) poem by Robert Burns on Hallowe'en which gives a good description of the traditions which were followed in his day.
All Souls Day - 2nd November
Prayers were said for the souls of the dead and alms given to the poor.
Recalling the attempt by Guy Fawkes to blow up the Houses of Parliament with 20 barrels of gunpowder in 1605.
Bonfires, fireworks and "penny for the guy" (an effigy of Guy Fawkes, providing an excuse for children to plead for money from passers-by).
This is not a specifically Scottish festivity - it is UK wide but it took place shortly after the Union of the Crowns when King James VI of Scotland became king of England and Wales also.
Martinmas - 11 November
The last Scottish legal "Quarter Day" when rents and contracts fell due.
Since fodder was becoming scarce by this time of the tear, cattle were often killed at this time.
As a by-product of this the offal was mixed with oatmeal to make haggis and the blood used to make black puddings.
Although St Andrew has been the patron saint of Scotland since a Pictish victory in a battle in 747AD, 30 November is not a public holiday in Scotland.
Indeed, St Andrew's night is celebrated more by expatriate Scots around the world.
Sowans Nicht - Christmas Eve
Christmas Eve in some parts of Scotland is called "Sowans Nicht" from "sowans" - a dish made from oat husks and fine meal steeped in water.
Branches of a rowan tree were burnt on Christmas Eve to signify any bad feeling between friends or relatives had been put aside for Yuletide.
Like many ancient races, particularly those located in the northern latitudes, where winter days were short and the nights long, the pagan Celts had celebrations around the time of the winter solstice, in part to brighten the darkest days, in part to propitiate the gods to allow the sun to return.
In Norse mythology, Odin the gift-bringer, swept across the night sky in a chariot drawn by horses.
The Church took over the festival but some of the traditions harked back to the pagan roots.
The Yule log was burned in the fireplace, there was kissing under the mistletoe (related to a Druidic fertility rite) and the house was decorated with holly (evergreen trees were regarded with reverence).
During the Church Reformation in the 16th century these traditions were frowned on by the Kirk which regarded Christmas as a popish festival.
Bear in mind, "Christmas" is "Christ's Mass" and mass was banned in Scotland at that time.
There are records of charges being brought against people for keeping "Yule" as it was called in Scotland.
Amazingly, this dour, joy-crushing attitude lasted for 400 years.
Until the 1960s, Christmas Day was a normal working day for most people in Scotland.
So if there is a specifically "Scottish" aspect to Christmas it is, it was not celebrated!
The "traditional" Christmas celebrations (other than the religious festival) originated in the 19th century (Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's husband, had a lot to do with it!) and England and Scotland developed the same traditions from around that time - Christmas trees, decorations, Santa Claus or Saint Nicholas, presents, stockings at the end of the bed, Christmas carols Christmas cards etc. Christmas cards are said to have been invented in Edinburgh in the mid-nineteenth century.
Boxing Day - 26th December
Yet another day on which gifts (in boxes) were exchanged.
Hogmanay - New Year's Eve, 31 December
The origins of the word "Hogmanay" are lost in the past.
Some say it is from the Norse, "Hoggunott", or night of slaughter, when animals were killed for a midwinter feast.
Also that it is from "Huh-me-naay" or kiss me now, when even strangers embraced.
Another theory is, it comes from the French "Hoguinane", sung by children on "Cake Day".
To this day, Hogmanay is still a more important festival in Scotland than Christmas.
Historians believe that we inherited the celebration from the Vikings who, coming from even further north than ourselves, paid even more attention to the passing of the shortest day.
While clearly celebrated around the world, the Scots have a long rich heritage associated with this event, when the whole country celebrates in the build up to "the bells" chiming midnight - and Burns' song, "Auld Lang Syne" is murdered... once again!
There are traditions such as cleaning the house (known as "redding") on 31st December (including taking out the ashes from the fire in the days when coal fires were common).
Scotland is the only part of the UK that has a statutory holiday on 2nd January as well as 1st January - so we can recover from the excesses of 31 December!
auld lang syne...
Auld Lang Syne...
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | Frank C. Stanley's 1910 performance of Auld Lang Syne. Contains the first and last verse. Les Deux Love Orchestra's big-band instrumental New Year's Eve performance of Auld Lang Syne. |
| Problems listening to these files? See media help. | |
"Auld Lang Syne" (Scots pronunciation: [ˈɔːld lɑŋˈsəin]: note "s" rather than "z")[1] is a Scots poem written by Robert Burns in 1788[2] and set to the tune of a traditional folk song (Roud # 6294).
It is well known in many English-speaking (and other) countries and is often sung to celebrate the start of the New Year at the stroke of midnight.
By extension, its use has also become common at funerals, graduations, and as a farewell or ending to other occasions.
The song's Scots title may be translated into English literally as "old long since", or more idiomatically, "long long ago",[3] "days gone by" or "old times".
Consequently "For auld lang syne", as it appears in the first line of the chorus, is loosely translated as "for (the sake of) old times".
The phrase "Auld Lang Syne" is also used in similar poems by Robert Ayton (1570–1638), Allan Ramsay (1686–1757), and James Watson (1711) as well as older folk songs predating Burns.[4]
Matthew Fitt uses the phrase "In the days of auld lang syne" as the equivalent of "Once upon a time..." in his retelling of fairy tales in the Scots language.
Contents |
History
Robert Burns sent a copy of the original song to the Scots Musical Museum with the remark, “The following song, an old song, of the olden times, and which has never been in print, nor even in manuscript until I took it down from an old man".[5]
Some of the lyrics were indeed "collected" rather than composed by the poet; the ballad "Old Long Syne" printed in 1711 by James Watson shows considerable similarity in the first verse and the chorus to Burns' later poem,[4] and is almost certainly derived from the same "old song".
It is a fair supposition to attribute the rest of the poem to Burns himself.[5]
There is some doubt as to whether the melody used today is the same one Burns originally intended, but it is widely used in Scotland and in the rest of the world.[6]
In 1855, different words were written for the Auld Lang Syne tune by Albert Laighton and titled, "Song of the Old Folks".
This song was included in the tunebook, Father Kemp's Old Folks Concert Tunes published in Boston, Massachusetts in 1860. [7]
Singing the song on Hogmanay or New Year's Eve very quickly became a Scots custom that soon spread to other parts of the British Isles.
As Scots (and other Britons) emigrated around the world, they took the song with them.
Canadian band leader Guy Lombardo is often credited with popularising the use of the song at New Year’s celebrations in America, through his annual broadcasts on radio and television, beginning in 1929.
The song became his trademark. In addition to his live broadcasts, Lombardo recorded the song more than once.
His first recording was in 1939.
A later recording on 29 September 1947 was issued as a single by Decca Records as catalog #24260.[8]
However, earlier newspaper articles describe revellers on both sides of the Atlantic singing the song to usher in the New Year:
- "Holiday Parties at Lenox" (Massachusetts, USA) (1896) – The company joined hands in the great music room at midnight and sang “Auld Lang Syne” as the last stroke of 12 sounded and the new year came in.[9]
- "New Year's Eve in London" (London, England) (1910) – Usual Customs Observed by People of All Classes… The passing of the old year was celebrated in London much as usual. The Scottish residents gathered outside of St. Paul's Church and sang “Auld Lang Syne” as the last stroke of 12 sounded from the great bell.[10]
A manuscript of "Auld Lang Syne" is held in the permanent collection of The Lilly Library at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana.[11]
Lyrics
The song begins by posing a rhetorical question as to whether it is right that old times be forgotten, and is generally interpreted as a call to remember long-standing friendships.[12]
Thomson’s Select Songs of Scotland was published in 1799 in which the second verse about greeting and toasting was moved to its present position at the end.[12]
Most common use of the song involves only the first verse and the chorus.
The last lines of both of these are often sung with the extra words "For the sake of", or "And days of", rather than Burns' simpler lines.
This allows one note for each word, rather than the slight melisma required to fit Burns' original words to the melody.
The following table of lyrics includes the first few stanzas of the James Watson poem, probably derived from the same folk song Burns used as the basis for his poem.
| Old Long Syne, by James Watson (1711) | Burns’ original Scots verse[3] | English translation (minimalist) | Scots pronunciation guide (as Scots speakers would sound) | IPA pronunciation guide[13] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Should Old Acquaintance be forgot,
My Heart is ravisht with delight,
Since thoughts of thee doth banish grief,
(several further stanzas) | Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
And surely ye’ll be your pint-stowp !
We twa hae run about the braes,
We twa hae paidl’d i' the burn,
And there’s a hand, my trusty fiere !
| Should old acquaintance be forgot,
And surely you’ll buy your pint cup !
We two have run about the slopes,
We two have paddled in the stream,
And there’s a hand my trusty friend !
| Shid ald akwentans bee firgot,
An sheerly yil bee yur pynt-staup!
We twa hay rin aboot the braes,
We twa hay pedilt in the burn,
An thers a han, my trustee feer!
| ʃɪd o̜ːld ə.kwɛn.təns bi fəɾ.ɡot,
ən ʃeːr.li jiːl bi juːɾ pəin.stʌup!
wi two̜̜ː heː rɪn ə.but ðə breːz,
wi two̜̜ː heː pe.dlt ɪn ðə bʌɾn,
ən ðeːrz ə ho̜ːn, mɑ trʌs.tɪ fiːɾ!
|
† dine = "dinner time"
‡ ch = soft throat clearing sound, similar to "lachen" and "Bach" in German
* syne = "since" or "then" - pronounced "sign" rather than "zine".
Melody
The tune to which "Auld Lang Syne" is now commonly sung is a pentatonic Scots folk melody, probably originally a sprightly dance in a much quicker tempo.[12]
English composer William Shield seems to quote the "Auld Lang Syne" melody briefly at the end of the overture to his opera Rosina, which may be its first recorded use.
The contention that Burns borrowed the melody from Shield is for various reasons highly unlikely, although they may very well both have taken it from a common source, possibly a strathspey called The Miller's Wedding or The Miller's Daughter.
The problem is that tunes based on the same set of dance steps necessarily have a similar rhythm, and even a superficial resemblance in melodic shape may cause a very strong apparent similarity in the tune as a whole.
For instance, Burns' poem Coming Through the Rye is sung to a tune that might also be based on the Miller's Wedding.
The origin of the tune of God Save the Queen presents a very similar problem and for just the same reason, as it is also based on a dance measure.
(See the note in the William Shield article on this subject.)
Songwriter George M. Cohan quotes the first line of the "Auld Lang Syne" melody in the second to last line of the chorus of You're a Grand Old Flag.
It is plain from the lyrics this is deliberate.
Uses
At New Year
"Auld Lang Syne" is traditionally sung at the conclusion of New Year gatherings in Scotland and around the world, especially in English speaking countries.
It is common practice that everyone joins hands with the person next to them to form a great circle around the dance floor.
At the beginning of the last verse, everyone crosses their arms across their breast, so that the right hand reaches out to the neighbour on the left and vice versa.
When the tune ends, everyone rushes to the middle, while still holding hands.
When the circle is re-established, everyone turns under the arms to end up facing outwards with hands still joined.
In countries other than Scotland the hands are often crossed from the beginning of the song at variance with Scottish custom.
The Scottish practice was demonstrated by the Queen at the Millennium Dome celebrations for the year 2000.
The English press berated her for not "properly" crossing her arms, unaware that she was correctly following the Scottish tradition.[14][15]
Other than New Year
As well as celebrating the New Year, Auld Lang Syne is very widely used to symbolise other "endings/new beginnings" – including farewells, funerals, graduations, the end of a (non-New Year) party or a Boy Scout gathering, the election of a new government, and even the closing of a retail store.
The melody is also widely used for other words, especially the songs of sporting and other clubs, and even national anthems.
In Scotland and other parts of Britain, in particular, it is associated with celebrations and memorials of Robert Burns.
The following list of specific uses is far from comprehensive.
In the English speaking world
- In Scotland, it is often sung at the end of a céilidh or a dance.
- In many Burns Clubs, it is sung at the end of the Burns supper.
- In the United Kingdom, it is played at the close of the annual Congress (conference) of the Trades Union Congress.
- The song is sung at the end of the Last Night of the Proms by the audience (rather than the performers) and so it is not often listed on the official programme.
- The song is played at the Passing Out Parade of Young Officers in the Royal Navy as the march up the steps of the Britannia Royal Naval College – to the beat of the slow march, after the tune "Will ye no come back?".
- This custom is also followed in Naval and Military colleges in many other countries, especially members and former members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
- Examples include the Royal Military College of Canada, the Royal Military College (Malaysia), the National Defence Academy (India) ( http://nda.nic.in ), the Indian Military Academy, the Pakistan Military Academy, and at the equivalent colleges in Burma and Nigeria.
- In the United States, the song is used as a song of remembrance at memorial events.
- The University of Virginia's alma mater ("The Good Old Song") is also sung to the tune of "Auld Lang Syne".
- The song is sung by senior cadets in the Texas A & M University Corps of Cadets during the annual Final Review which occurs after commencement and commissioning ceremonies on campus.
- The song is sung at the start of "2nd Pass" during which the outgoing class of seniors stand by and watch the remaining classes of cadets pass in review.
- Since 2007, the melody has been used as an introduction to the mass chorus of America the Beautiful that is played by the twelve finalist corps at the Finals Retreat at the Drum Corps International World Championships. Coincidentally, "Auld Lang Syne" and "America the Beautiful" have the same metre, and the lyrics can be sung interchangeably.
- In the Sacred Harp choral tradition, an arrangement of it exists under the name "Plenary".
- The lyrics are a memento mori and begin with the words "Hark! from the tomb a doleful sound".
In non-English speaking countries
- In Bangladesh and Bengali parts of India, the melody was the direct inspiration for the popular Bengali song "Purano shei diner kotha" (Memories of the Good Old Days) composed by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore, and forms one of the more recognisable tunes in Rabindra Sangeet (Rabindra's Songs), a body of work of 2,230 songs and lyrical poems that form the backbone of Bengali music.
- In Chile, the melody is sung in Spanish as a funeral farewell song, specially in the Catholic Church: "Llegó la hora de decir adiós, digamos, al partir, nuestra canción". ("It's time to say goodbye, let's sing, while we leave, this song". In fact, the melody is known as "Canción del adiós" ("Farewell Song").
- In China students sing the song in Chinese for friendship. The translation would probably be, 'Friendship for ever' (友谊地久天长). It is also sung at student graduations and funerals. It has the meaning of the ending of relationships. In China it is more of a sad song.
- In Denmark, the song was translated in 1927 by the famous Danish poet Jeppe Aakjær. Much like Robert Burns' use of dialect, Aakjær translated the song into the Danish dialect sallingbomål, a dialect from the northern part of western Jutland, south of the Limfjord, often hard for other Danes to understand.
- The song Skuld gammel venskab rejn forgo ("Should auld acquantaince be forgot" — Scots / "Should old acquaintance be forgotten" — English), is an integral part of the Danish Højskole tradition, and often associated with more rural areas and old traditions.
- Also, the former Danish rock group Gasolin modernised the melody in 1974 with their pop ballad Stakkels Jim ("Poor Jim").
- In France this song is known as "Ce n'est qu'un au revoir mes frères" ("This is just a goodbye my friends"), and is sung for farewells.
- In Greece it is very commonly sung translated by the Scouts of Greece.
- It has the name "Τραγούδι Αποχωρισμού" meaning "Song of Farewell" and it is part of the ending ceremony of scouting Camping trips [lyrics url http://www.9sna.gr/songs.php].
- In Hungary, this song is often sung by school-leavers at their graduation.
- The song is translated to Régi, régi dal ("Old, old song").
-
Japanese version of Auld Lang Syne. This song is called 蛍の光 in Japan ("Hotaru no hikari", meaning "Glow of a firefly"). 1m00s
- In Japan, the Japanese students' song Hotaru no hikari ("Glow of a firefly") uses the "Auld Lang Syne" tune.
- The words describe a series of images of hardships that the industrious student endures in his relentless quest for knowledge, starting with the firefly’s light, which the student uses to keep studying when he has no other light sources.
- It is commonly heard in graduation ceremonies and at the end of the school day.
- Many stores and restaurants play it to usher customers out at the end of a business day. The national broadcaster, NHK, also plays this during New Year celebrations.
- Before the composition of Aegukga, the lyrics of Korea’s national anthem were sung to the tune of this song until composer Ahn Eak-tai composed a new melody to the existing lyrics.
- Like Japan and Taiwan, it is now used in South Korea as a graduation song and a farewell song to friends or at funerals.
- Before 1972, it was the tune for the Gaumii salaam anthem of The Maldives (with the current words).
- In the Netherlands the melody is most known for the Dutch football song Wij houden van Oranje (We love Orange) performed by André Hazes.
- In Poland the Braterski krąg (Brotherly Circle) song is set to the same tune.
- It is traditionally sung by the members of the Polish scouting movement as the penultimate song during their meetings.
- The lyrics, loosely based on the original, are widely known for their last two verses that could be translated as By another campfire on another night we'll see each other again.
- In Sudan it was translated into Arabic by MR Ahmed Mohammed Saad in (Bakhat ALridha) institute in 1951.
- It is commonly used in new year ceremonies or graduation ceremonies.
- In Taiwan, the tune is generally only associated with funeral services.
- It is played by brass bands which specialise in funerals.
- In Thailand, the song Samakkhi Chumnum (Together in unity), which is set to the familiar melody, is sung after sports, and at the end of Boy Scout jamborees as well as for the New Year.
- The meaning is about the King and national unity. It is commonly believed to be a Thai traditional song.
- In Zimbabwe, the melody is sung in Shona as a funeral farewell song, "Famba zvinyoronyoro, tichasanganiswa muroa ra Jesu", literally, go well, we will be united in the blood of Christ.
Use in films
- It has been used in a number of films, perhaps the first being the film John Ford' s The Black Watch (1929).It was followed by One Way Passage (1932), which stars William Powell. This was an instrumental version.
- The song is sung in many of the films produced by Frank Capra, including Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) (during Jefferson Smith's acceptance speech for his new appointment to the US Senate), and It's a Wonderful Life (1946).
- In the Shirley Temple film Wee Willie Winkie (1937), Shirley sings the song to a Scottish soldier on his death bed.
- The song has been used in the film Waterloo Bridge (1940) —under the name of "The Farewell Waltz"— starring Vivien Leigh and Robert Taylor.
- The W.S. Van Dyke film I Take This Woman (1940), starring Spencer Tracy and Hedy Lamarr, uses the song at the film's finale, with the patients and staff of a clinic singing it a cappella; the finale of It's a Wonderful Life (1946) is a direct echo of this presentation.
- It was also used in the 1942 re-release of the Charlie Chaplin film The Gold Rush with added sound, the song is sung at a New Year's Eve party. It is not certain if the same song was sung when the original silent film was released in 1925.
- Friz Freleng's cartoon The Wabbit Who Came to Supper (1942) has Bugs Bunny suddenly claim that it is New Year's Day to stop Elmer Fudd from chasing him. Bugs starts singing "Auld Lang Syne," only to have Elmer look at a calendar and realize that it is actually July.
- In the Akira Kurosawa film Scandal (1950), the song is sung on Christmas Eve in a bar. Takashi Shimura, portraying a second-rate and sometimes dishonest lawyer, hears Bokuzen Hidari resolve to be better for his family. Shimura makes the same resolution, and the two drunken men sing "Auld Lang Syne" until everyone in the bar joins in the song.
- In the Samuel Fuller film The Steel Helmet (1951), the film's main character, Sgt. Zack, requests that the song be played by "Fat Paul" on a portable organ. The group of American soldiers is shocked to find out, after a South Korean boy who has accompanied them recognizes and sings Korean lyrics to the tune, that the melody also serves as the South Korean national anthem.
- It was sung by submarine crew members celebrating New Year's topside in the Blake Edwards film Operation Petticoat (1959), starring Cary Grant and Tony Curtis.
- Shirley MacLaine and Fred MacMurray attend a New Year's Eve celebration near the end of the film The Apartment (1960). As the clock chimes in the new year, the attendees sing "Auld Lang Syne" when MacLaine's character Fran Kubelik decides to leave her lover.
- In the Ronald Neame/Irwin Allen film The Poseidon Adventure (1972), the song is sung by the ship's passengers at midnight on New Year's Eve, moments before the ship is struck by a tidal wave and capsized.
- The music has also been used in game shows on American television, most notably when the sign changed every year on the CBS Match Game and during the credits on the final episode of the original Concentration in 1973.
- In The Quiet Earth (1985), Zac and Joanne sing it the during an evening celebration after meeting Api, the third person left on Earth.
- In Out of Africa (1985), the song is sang by a largely British crowd depicting settlers in British East Africa, but the singing was cut off by a woman who wanted the crowd to sing God save the Queen, much to the chagrin of Karen Blixen (played by Meryl Streep), a Danish woman and the film's main protagonist.
- In the Bernardo Bertolucci film The Last Emperor (1987), a small Chinese orchestra plays the song on traditional Chinese instruments as the emperor's tutor, Reginald Johnston, boards a ship to leave China and return to England.
- Towards the end of Ghostbusters II (1989), thousands of citizens of New York City sing "Auld Lang Syne," at last united in a moment of peace and love after their collective negativity, which had long been feeding power to the evil Vigo the Carpathian, and in that way weakening the revenant sorcerer enough for the Ghostbusters to defeat him.
- The song was played in When Harry Met Sally (1989) at the New Year's party in which Harry states he never fully understood what the song meant.
- He says, "I mean, 'Should old acquaintance be forgot?' Does that mean that we should forget old acquaintances, or does it mean if we happened to forget them, we should remember them, which is not possible because we already forgot?"
- Forrest's New Year's celebration with Lt. Dan in New York City, in Forrest Gump (1994), has the drunk collective singing "Auld Lang Syne" to welcome in the new year.
- It was also used in the Triad Trilogy Infernal Affairs (2002) which uses the tune in the second film when a triad has finished killing a gang boss.
- In the Winnie-the-Pooh direct to video film, "Auld Lang Syne" is sung at the end.
- Sofie Fatale's cell phone ringtone in the film Kill Bill Volume 1 (2003) is "Auld Lang Syne."
- The song is sung in the comedy Elf (2003) by Buddy's (Will Ferrell) girlfriend Jovie as Buddy opens gifts with his father and stepmother on Christmas Day.
- The American PBS television series Great Performances program titled "Garrison Keillor's New Year's Eve Special" (2006) had the audience sing an adaptation of the lyrics with a humorous last verse: "I think of all the great, high hearts I had when I was young / And now who are these sad old farts I find myself among?"
- In the Rat Pack-movie Ocean's 11 from 1960, you hear the song while Frank Sinatra, Peter Lawford and their crew are robbing casino's on The Las Vegas Strip at New Year's Eve.
- In the 2008 film Sex and the City, a recording by Scottish singer Mairi Campbell is used during a montage depicting the characters' actions at New Year's.
- The recording is notable for its use of the original melody as opposed to the commonly performed melody sung today.
- It is also in contrast to the joyous and jubilant arrangements commonly heard on celebratory occasions, as it consists merely of an acoustic guitar and strings accompanying Campbell's vocals.
- It is sung by 'Harry' in one of the opening scenes of The Time Traveler's Wife (2009).
Some notable performances
- A somewhat different use of the song as a farewell occurred in October 2000, when it was played as the body of former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau left Parliament Hill in Ottawa for the last time, going to Montreal for the state funeral.
- On the sinking of the Japanese ship Montevideo Maru in World War II, carrying 1,053 Australians (mostly POWs), the Australians in the water sang this for their trapped mates as the ship went down.
- Surviving Japanese crewman Yosiaki Yamaji reflected on this moment as realising what big hearts the Australian soldiers had.
- According to the book "Freedom at Midnight"(1975) by Dominique Lapierre and Larry Collins, the song was played to accompany the departure of the final British troops from India through Bombay's "Gateway to India" in 1948, as the British flag over the Gateway was ceremonially lowered for the last time.
- Similarly it was used at the British hand-over of Hong Kong in 1997.
- Similarly, again, according to the book "My Vanishing World" (2000) by Nel Adams, the song was sung on 15 January 1949 at the ceremony held as the British were leaving Burma.
- However, according to the book River of Lost Footsteps by Thant Myint-U, the tune was played as the last British forces boarded the last Royal Navy cruiser on the early morning of 04 January 1948 when Burma gained independence from the United Kingdom.
- In Pakistan, the tune was played at the formal resignation of President Pervez Musharraf as the country's Chief of Army Staff.
- On 30 November 2009, students and staff at the University of Glasgow sang the song in 41 different languages simultaneously.[16]
Notable Covers and renditions
- U2 played a cover during their December 31, 1989 concert at The Point Depot in Dublin.
- Jimi Hendrix can be heard playing a version of the song on the 1999 'Live at Fillmore East' recording of a December 31, 1969 concert.
- John Philip Sousa included "Auld Lang Syne" in the Trio section of his 1924 march "Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company"
- Elvis Presley released his version on his album Elvis - New Year's Eve '76 (Live In Pittsburgh).
- Cliff Richard sang the Lord's Prayer to the melody of "Auld Lang Syne" in his Christmas song "The Millennium Prayer".
- Dan Fogelberg wrote a hit song called "Same Old Lang Syne", included on his 1981 album The Innocent Age. The song was about encountering an old lover, not on New Year's Eve, but on Christmas Eve.
- Canadian band Barenaked Ladies performed a rendition of the song "Auld Lang Syne" on their 2004 CD Barenaked for the Holidays.
- Billy Joel sang and released "Auld Lang Syne" in his live CD titled 2000 Years: The Millennium Concert, and is known to play the song both lyrically or piano solo in his concerts during holiday seasons.
- Kenny G recorded a saxophone version of the song in 1999 to commemorate the Millennium. An EP release of the tune contained that version along with long-play and radio-length versions that played under audio snippets from a number of political speeches and news bulletins of the 20th Century.
- Bobby Darin recorded a Christmas version in 1960, titled "Christmas Auld Lang Syne", while the song "You're a Grand Old Flag" by George M. Cohan, the first line "Should auld acquaintance be forgot" is part of the song's chorus, and is also cited in the song's instrumental introduction.
- "Dick Clark's New Years Rockin Eve" uses Auld Lang Syne as its "Theme" song. The show has two versions which are both performed by Kyle Warren, Jerry Adamowicz, and Mike Weiland on keyboard, bass, and drums respectively
- Prince performed "Auld Lang Syne" on 12/31/87 with Miles Davis, and transitioned into "Purple Rain" to the same chords as "Purple Rain".
- Mariah Carey covered the song for her 13th studio album, "Merry Christmas II You", and released it as the album's second single on 14 December 2010.[17]
- Pink Martini covered the song for their 5th studio album, "Joy to the World".
Coinage
- Reverse: Design featuring a quote from the song "Auld Lang Syne", WE’LL TAK A CUP A’ KINDNESS YET, FOR AULD LANG SYNE, the calligraphy of which is based on the handwriting of Robert Burns, surrounded by the inscription 1759 ROBERT BURNS 1796.
- Edge inscription: SHOULD AULD ACQUAINTANCE BE FORGOT
References
- ^ Dictionary of the Scots language
- ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/robertburns/works/auld_lang_syne/
- ^ a b Burns, Robert (1947) [[[Transcribed]] 1788]. George Frederick Maine. ed (in English and Scots) (leather-bound sextodecimo). Songs from Robert Burns 1759–1796. Collins Greetings Booklets. Glasgow: Collins Clear-Type Press. pp. 47–48. "This book was purchased at Burns Cottage, and was reprinted in 1967, and 1973"
- ^ a b nls.uk
- ^ a b Lindsay, Maurice (December 1996) [1959]. "Auld Lang Syne". The Burns Encyclopedia (New Third ed.). Robert Hale Ltd.. pp. 448 pages. ISBN 0-7090-5719-9. http://www.robertburns.org/encyclopedia/AuldLangSyne.5.shtml. Retrieved 28 December 2007.
- ^ Links to the original and contemporary melodies can be found here
- ^ Father Kemp and Auld Lang Syne
- ^ Lynch, Stephen (31 December 1999). "New Year's song remains ingrained in public mind". The Orange County Register. http://www.augustachronicle.com/stories/123199/cy2_124-4983.shtml.
- ^ "Holiday Parties at Lenox". The New York Times: pp. 10. 5 January 1896.
- ^ "New Year's Eve in London". Washington Post: pp. 12. 2 January 1910.
- ^ The Lilly Library, Guide to the Collections: British Literature
- ^ a b c Electric Scotland history site
- ^ Wilson, James (Sir) (1923) The dialect of Robert Burns as spoken in central Ayrshire, Oxford University Press.
- ^ Aslet, Clive (13 July 2007). "One doesn't do tantrums and tiaras – Telegraph". London: Telegraph.co.uk. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/portal/main.jhtml?xml=/portal/2007/07/13/nosplit/ftqueen113.xml. Retrieved 25 November 2008.
- ^ "Queen stays at arm's length". Archive.thisislancashire.co.uk. http://www.thisislancashire.co.uk/archive/2000/01/05/Lancashire+Archive/6098245.Queen_stays_at_arm_s_length/. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
- ^ "'New record' for Auld Lang Syne". BBC News. 30 November 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/8387582.stm. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ^ http://www.amazon.com/Auld-Lang-Years-Anthem-Remixes/dp/B004FBG806/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1292522974&sr=8-3-fkmr0
External links
 | Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
| Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Auld Lang Syne in Russian tool music (Quartet SKAZ Moskow)
- McKellar, Kenneth. "Auld Lang Syne (in Scots)" (MP3). http://www.maybole.org/community/celebrations/christmas/greetings/AuldLangSyne2.mp3. Retrieved 28 December 2007.
- Auld Lang Syne at Allmusic
- Scotland on TV Auld Lang Syne video performance with lyrics
- Auld Lang Syne tune information and sheet music on TradTune.com
- Variant lyrics
- "Standard English Translation" at The World Burns Club
- Multiple versions and tunes at The Mudcat Cafe's "Digital Traditions"
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